干货引入
烤鸭们在备考雅思阅读时有没有遇到这样的问题？
判断题中FALSE/NO 和NOT GIVEN分不清？
或者是，明明找对了句子却总是和正确答案擦肩而过，哪怕看懂了定位句也还是无法判断TURE/YES和FALSE/NO还是NOT GIVEN？
本次干货主题就是——雅思阅读中的判断题：掌握出题规律，与陷阱Say No！
题目要求
首先我们一起来看看题目的要求，题目通常是若干个陈述句，要求考生根据原文的信息，判断每个陈述句是对（TRUE/YES）、错（FALSE/NO）、还是未提及（NOT GIVEN）。下面是对三种判断结果含义的详细解读：
TRUE/YES: if the statement agrees with the information/if the statement agrees with the claims or views of the writer
FALSE/NO: if the statement contradicts the information/if the statement contradicts the claims or views of the writer
NOT GIVEN: If there is no information on this/if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about
Notice：应注意区分FALSE/NO和NOT GIVEN，当题目中的考点词+NOT = 原文时，正确答案为FALSE/NO；当题目中考点词+NOT 仍然与原文没有关系时，正确答案为NOT GIVEN
高频考点词分类
/ 是非考点 /
解释：
通常为题干中的谓语动词、形容词或者副词，这些存在被否定可能性的词
例1.1
Q: Michael Faradaysuggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.
T: His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry.
做题步骤：
确定定位词：Michael Faraday, Royal College of Chemistry
确定考点词：suggested, enrol
原文中只提到了attend...这个结果，并没有提到有suggest这个行为或者出现与之矛盾的行为，故确认答案为NOT GIVEN
例1.2
Q: Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous。
T: At the time of Perkin’s enrolment....., and within two years, he became Hofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.
做题步骤：
确定定位词：rich and famous
确定考点词：young
原文中寻找同意替换：fame and fortune；
结合Not long after that中的代词that，看回前文youngest assistant与题干中考点词young呼应，故确认答案为TRUE/YES
确定定位词：trees, South America, quinine
确定考点词：only
分析：题干中说quinine只在South America有，而原文中说quinine只是native to South America，而native to和考点词only并不是完全等同或矛盾的关系，故确认答案为NOT GIVEN
例2.2
Q: The ISTP study examined public and private systems in every city of the world.
T: A new study conducted for ISTP has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world.
做题步骤：
确定定位词：ISTP
确定考点词：every
分析：原文中出现的是thirty-seven cities，并不是题干中的every city，故确认答案为FALSE/NO
/ 比较考点 /
解释：题干中出现的形容词或副词的原级和比较级
Notice：
注意“隐性比较关系”
eg.surpass, exceed, excel, over, overtake, outnumber...
定位词通常找比较对象双方
考点词通常找比较的具体内容
例3.1
Q: Bilingual people are better than monolingual people at guessing correctly what words are before they are finished.
T: Long before the word is finished, the brain’s language system begins to guess what that word might be. If you hear “can”, you will likely activate words like “candy” and “candle” as well, at least during the earlier stages of word recognition. For bilingual people, this activation is not limited to a single language.
做题步骤：
确认定位词：
比较双方（Bilingual, monolingual）
确认考点词：
比较内容（guessing correctly what words are）
比较级（better）
分析：原文中只出现了bilingual people，没有出现monolingual people或其同替，比较双方未在原文中出现，故确认答案为NOT GIVEN
例3.2
Q: Early peoples found it easier to count by using their fingers rather than a group of pebbles.
T: Counting is not directly related to the formation of a number concept because it is possible to count by matching the items being counted against a group of pebbles, grains of corn, or the counter’s fingers.
做题步骤：
确认定位词：
比较双方（fingers, pebbles）
确认考点词：
比较级（easier）
分析：原文中没有出现比较关系，而是通过or连接起来的并列关系，故确认答案为NOT GIVEN
例3.3
Q: People feel more strongly about language education than about small differences in language usage.
T: And when opinions differ, emotions can run high. Arguments can start as easily over minor points of usageas over major policies of linguistic education.
做题步骤：
确认定位词：
比较双方（language education , small differences in language usage）
确定考点词：
比较级（more strongly）
分析：原文中as...as...是同级比较关系，表示一样...与题干中more strongly不符合，故确认答案为FALSE/NO
例3.4
Q: For the earliest tribes, theconcept of sufficiency was more important than the concept of quantity.
T: Even the earliest of tribes had a system of numeration that... Instead their considerations would have been more of the kind Is this enough? rather thanHow many?
做题步骤：
确认定位词：
比较双方（the concept of sufficiency, the concept of quantity）
确认考点词：
比较级（more important）
分析：在原文中比较双方都出现了，且进行了比较，比较结果相同，故确认答案为TRUE/YES
/ 数字考点 /
解释：题干中出现具体数值，比如基数词、序数词以及百分比等
Notice：不要把所有数字词当作定位词，当数字表示年份或时间，则可以当作定位词
例4.1
Q: The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area.
T: Interesting facts regarding transport were found: 95% was on foot, 80% was within the locality; and 70% was related to the collection of water and firewood and travelling to grinding mills.
做题步骤：
确认定位词：survey, local area
确认考点词：one-fifth or 20% /outside
分析：注意陷阱，原文中80% was within...和题干中one-fifth or 20% ...outside...表达的是同一个意思，故答案为TRUE/YES
例4.2
Q: Indigenous Tasmanians used only four terms to indicate numbers of objects.
T: The indigenous peoples of Tasmania were only able to count one, two, many.
做题步骤：
确认定位词：Indigenous Tasmanians
确认考点词：only four
分析：原文中one, two, many斜体表示专有名词，此处是三个，与题目中数量four不相等，故确认答案为FALSE/NO
解题原则总结
一般遵循顺序原则，少量的换序也是正常现象
同时定位两道题目，避免浪费时间
基于原文，切忌主观推理
核心：定位词+考点词
